Cohesion and disintegration in the Russian army, part three: harsh discipline

Brian M Downing  Discipline is essential to armies. It can be achieved through able and perhaps even personable leaders, an unquestionably just cause, pay incentives, or corporal punishment. Most armies have all four.  The Russian army’s leaders are of dubious quality, pay is low, and there hasn’t been a just Read More …

Cohesion and disintegration in the Russian army, part two: leadership

Brian M Downing  European militaries were once led mainly by aristocrats. Owning an estate bestowed the privilege of leading regiments and armies. The middle-classes were only sparsely found; navies were more welcoming to them. The Napoleonic conflicts and a few decades later the Crimean War showed deep problems with aristocratic Read More …