Iran and Israel vie in Kurdistan

Brian M Downing The West and key Gulf states are trying to find a political arrangement to bring ground troops to bear on the Islamic State. Clearly, Kurdish troops are one of the most promising options. Though landlocked, Kurdistan’s oil resources, militias, and increasing autonomy from Baghdad will make it Read More …

US looks for help against IS in Syria

 Brian M Downing  The astonishing and alarming Islamic State (IS) drive into northern Iraq and Kurdistan has led to American airstrikes and also to arms sales and additional support from Britain, France, and Germany to defeat the militants. The US response comes amid considerable criticism over the Obama administration’s less Read More …

A Sunni Awakening in Iraq and the future of IS

Brian M Downing  Sunnis ruled Iraq since the country’s creation after World War I. That state of affairs was overturned, unjustly and unwisely in their view, in 2003 when Saddam Hussein was ousted and a Shia majority came to power shortly thereafter.  Though composing only about 16% of the population, Read More …

The Ukraine crisis and Eastern European security

Brian M Downing Russia’s annexation of the Crimea has raised national security concerns in Eastern Europe, especially in Poland and the Baltic states of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. Are they next on Vladimir Putin’s agenda of restoring the Great Russian empire? How reliable are the military forces of Eastern Europe? Read More …

The Ukraine crisis and US policy toward Iran

Brian M Downing Russian actions in the Eastern Ukraine have taken hold of world attention. The US has responded by sending military aircraft to Poland and Rumania and by seeking to coordinate with EU partners an array of sanctions on Russian political and business elites. Responses, however, will be constrained Read More …

Putin’s foreign policy and domestic politics

Brian M Downing Russian leader Vladimir Putin has audaciously seized the Crimea and positioned troops to move into eastern Ukraine and the Trans-Dniester region of Moldova. The Baltic states of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia are to say the least dismayed and look upon their sizable ethnic Russian populations with suspicion. Read More …

Notes on the air war against ISIL

Brian M Downing The air war over Germany in WWII lasted five years and its effectiveness is debated to this day. Nonetheless, after five weeks of airstrikes, many analysts and politicians are already judging the air campaign against the Islamist State to be a failure. This may be in large Read More …

Counterinsurgency in Iraq – and its consequences

Brian M Downing Most accounts of the Second Gulf War (2003-11) attach significant importance to the US’s adoption of counterinsurgency doctrine in ending the Sunni insurgency there. The shift away from conventional warfare to winning hearts and minds is said to have changed the course of the war and brought Read More …